Which concept aligns with the idea that human affairs are governed by natural laws?

Deism aligns with the idea that human affairs are governed by natural laws because it is a philosophical belief that posits that God created the universe and established natural laws but does not intervene in human affairs. Deists believe that the universe operates according to rational and observable laws, which can be understood through reason and observation. This perspective emphasizes a rational approach to understanding the world, suggesting that moral and ethical principles can be derived from the natural order rather than divine revelation.

This contrast to other concepts is important. Rationalism, while also focused on reason, is more about the belief that reason is the primary source of knowledge. Empiricism stresses knowledge through sensory experience, and Romanticism emphasizes emotion and individualism, fostering a more subjective understanding of human experience rather than a structured governance by natural laws. Thus, Deism is the most aligned with the notion of natural laws governing human affairs.