What was adopted on July 4, 1776, declaring the colonies' independence?

The Declaration of Independence, adopted on July 4, 1776, was a monumental document that formally expressed the colonies' break from British rule. It articulated the principles of individual liberty and government accountability, asserting that all men are created equal and have certain unalienable rights, including life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. This declaration marked the birth of a new nation and was a significant turning point in the American Revolutionary War.

The other choices listed do not align with this specific context and date. The Olive Branch Petition was an attempt by the colonies to assert their rights while still seeking reconciliation with Britain, but it was presented in 1775. The Declaration of Rights and Grievances was adopted by the First Continental Congress in 1774 to protest British policies but did not declare independence. The First Continental Congress Resolution was part of the early resistance efforts against British governance and did not serve as a formal declaration of independence. Thus, the declaration stands as the defining document of July 4, 1776, establishing the colonies’ intent to create a sovereign nation.