What document is recognized for presenting practical reasons for the Constitution?

The Federalist Papers are a collection of essays written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay, which were published to advocate for the ratification of the United States Constitution. These essays provide practical arguments in support of the Constitution, addressing concerns about government structure, the need for a strong central authority, and the benefits of a federal system. They delve into the failures of the Articles of Confederation and argue for the new government's ability to maintain order, provide for national defense, and promote economic stability.

In contrast, the Articles of Confederation served as the first governing document of the United States but highlighted the weaknesses in the national government, making a case for a more robust Constitution rather than serving as a document advocating its merits. The Declaration of Independence primarily focused on the philosophical justification for breaking away from British rule, emphasizing concepts of liberty and individual rights rather than practical governance. The Bill of Rights, while essential for protecting individual liberties, came later as amendments to the Constitution and was not designed to present reasons for its establishment. Therefore, The Federalist Papers stand out as the key document that articulates the practical rationale for adopting the Constitution.